design6 min read
Understanding Color Formats: HEX, RGB & HSL
Why screens mix red, green, and blue light, what HEX shorthand really encodes, and when HSL makes your life easier.
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Full catalogimage7 min read
PNG vs JPG vs WebP: When to Use Each Image Format
Lossy vs lossless compression, when transparency matters, and why WebP is replacing both PNG and JPG on the web.
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image8 min read
How Image Compression Actually Works
What happens when you drag the quality slider, how DCT transforms photos, and why screenshots compress differently.
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image6 min read
QR Codes: How They Store Data in Squares
How QR encodes data in binary modules, why error correction lets you put logos in the center, and what those corner squares do.
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video7 min read
How Video Containers and Codecs Actually Work
Why MP4 is a box and H.264 is the video inside, when remuxing is instant but re-encoding takes forever, and why GIF is terrible.
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pdf7 min read
How PDF Works: Pages, Fonts, and Security
PDF internal structure, how fonts are embedded, why PDFs look the same everywhere, and how password encryption protects documents.
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image5 min read
Merge and Combine Images: Layout and Composition Basics
Grid vs freeform composition, how canvas APIs stitch images together, and DPI considerations when combining images.
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data8 min read
JSON, CSV, XML, YAML: Data Formats Compared
Why we need structured data formats, how JSON, CSV, XML, and YAML differ, and when to choose each one.
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text6 min read
What is Base64 and Why Do We Use It?
How Base64 encodes binary data into text, why the output is 33% larger, and where it appears in emails, JWTs, and data URIs.
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code7 min read
Unix Timestamps and How Computers Track Time
What January 1, 1970 means, why counting seconds beats calendars, the Y2K38 problem, and how time zones complicate everything.
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text6 min read
Markdown: The Writing Format That Took Over the Web
How John Gruber invented a plain-text syntax that converts to HTML, the flavors that evolved, and why developers love it.
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text6 min read
Text Manipulation: Cases, Encoding, and Character Sets
Why camelCase and snake_case exist, how Unicode and UTF-8 encode every language, and the surprising history of Lorem Ipsum.
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